Forts and Fortification in Wallacea
In Timor-Leste, we extend our thanks and appreciation to staff of the Ministry of Education and Culture (now Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Culture, Secretary of State for Art and Culture and National Directorate of Cultural Heritage), and the National Directorate of Forestry in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries who assisted us in the course of this research. Permissions for the archaeological excavations and surveys were obtained from the Ministry of Education and Culture. In Dili, we particularly thank Virgılio Simith, Cecılia Assis, Abílio da Conceição Silva and Nuno Vasco Oliveira for facilitating this process. We also acknowledge the support of the Director of Protected Areas and National Parks, National Directorate of Forestry, Manuel Mendes, who gave us permission to carry out excavations at Macapainara and survey the eastern end of the island—areas that lie within the boundaries of the Nino Konis Santana National Park. We acknowledge the respective Xefe de Suco and the people of Com, Ira Ara, Laleia, Moro-Parlamento and Tutuala villages whose enthusiastic support and assistance made this research possible. In Com, we particularly thank Edmundo Da Cruz and his wife Robella Mendez. In Manatuto, we thank Estefan Guterres for guiding us in the field and his and his wife Rosa’s generous hospitality. We thank Carmen Dos Santos for assisting us in the field and providing translation support. Rintaro Ono is thanked for his assistance in Timor-Leste during the excavation of Macapainara, as are Luke Atkinson and Samantha Cooling for excavations at Leki Wakik. In West Sumba, we thank David Mitchell and local people for their guidance and expert knowledge. The surveys for fortified settlements in Kisar and Babar Islands were undertaken on Foreign Research Permit visas issued by the Indonesian Government agency RISTEK to O’Connor: 1456/FRP/SM/VII/2015 and 3024/FRP/E5/Dit.KI/IX/2017. We would like to thank the staff of Balai Arkeologi Maluku in Ambon for facilitating our research in the region. We would also like to thank Benyamin Th. Noach ST, Bupati of Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya (Regent of the Maluku Barat Daya Regency) for supporting our surveys in the region and for his hospitality while staying on Kisar. We thank Emeritus Professor James Fox (The Australian National University (ANU)) for advice on texts and discussions over many years with the editors about the causes and consequences of fortification in the Wallacean Archipelago. We acknowledge the generosity and expertise of the anonymous reviewers whose comments strengthened the papers in this volume. Chapters 1 and 11 benefited from the use of the Portuguese Infrastructure of Scientific Collections (PRISC.pt). Publication was supported by the ANU Publication Subsidy Fund administered by ANU Press, the School of Culture, History and Language, ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, and the School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University. We thank our copyeditor Beth Battrick of Teaspoon Consulting and the staff of ANU Press, in particular Emily Tinker and Lorena Kanellopoulos. Shimona Kealy’s contribution to Chapter 11 was funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CE170100015). The research in Timor-Leste, Babar, Kisar and Sumba was supported by grants from ARC (DP0556210, LP0776789, DP0878543, FL120100156), and conducted under the auspices of ANU.
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